The partitions on each disk are represented by appending a decimal number to the disk name. sd is originally for referring scsi disk devices, however it is now used to refer SATA devices and any removable devices in general. You might be wondering what sda does stands for. The first SCSI CD-ROM is named /dev/scd0.The second hard disk detected is named /dev/sdb, and so on.The first hard disk (the primary master) detected is named /dev/sda.The name of the second floppy drive is /dev/fd1, and so on.The name of the first floppy drive is /dev/fd0.The basic naming scheme in Linux OS is given below: The name of disks and the partitions in Linux differs from other operating systems. You need to know the correct names that Linux uses when you are creating, mounting, and deleting partitions. Kernel takes care of the rest of the boot process and loads the OS. grub2) in memory from the default boot disk, executes the boot code to read the partition table and identify the /boot partition, loads the Kernel in memory, and finally passes the control to the Kernel. The partition table information is stored in Master Boot record (MBR) in BIOS-based systems and GUID Partition Table (GPT) in UEFI-based systems.Īt system boot, BIOS or UEFI scans all storage devices, detects the MBR/GPT areas, finds the boot disks, loads the bootloader program (i.e. It is mounted on /home directory.Īll partitions should be formatted with a filesystem, for example EXT4, before installing the OS and/or saving any data in it. One partition is used for keeping the users configuration files and their personal data.It is usually mounted on "/" ( root directory). One partition is used for keeping the system files.
In Linux and Unix-like systems, the disk is usually divided into three partitions:
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